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- САВРЕМЕНИ ИЗАЗОВИ У УРБАНИСТИЧКОМ ПЛАНИРАЊУ: ИНТЕГРАЦИЈА ЗАШТИТЕ И РАЗВОЈА КУЛТУРНИХ И ПРИРОДНИХ РЕСУРСА

- MODERN CHALLENGES IN URBAN PLANNING: INTEGRATION OF PROTECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES

Autori:

Марија Михајловић

др Љиљана Стошић Михајловић

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DOI: 10.46793/Urbanizam26.309M

 

РЕЗИМЕ: Урбанистичко планирање у 21. веку мора превазићи традиционалну дихотомију између „развоја" и „заштите" и успоставити интегрисане приступе који подразумевају холистичко сагледавање простора. Рад анализира изазове у процесу интеграције заштите и развоја културних и природних ресурса у урбаним срединама, са посебним освртом на ситуацију у Србији. Кроз преглед међународних докумената – попут UNESCO Препоруке о историјском урбаном пејзажу (HUL, 2011) и Европске конвенције о пределу (2000) – анализу домаћег законодавног и планског оквира, рад указује на кључне недостатке у пракси просторног и урбанистичког планирања. Посебна пажња посвећена је процесима који угрожавају интегрисану заштиту: неконтролисана градња, одсуство интердисциплинарних методологија, недовољна партиципација јавности и слаба примена управљачких планова за локалитете светске баштине. Рад предлаже смернице за унапређење планског приступа, укључујући примену принципа еколошких мрежа, зелене инфраструктуре, карактеризације предела и дигитализације наслеђа. Србија, земља са изузетно богатим културним и природним наслеђем, поседује капацитете за развој савремених модела управљања простором, уз неопходне реформе институционалног и законодавног оквира.

 

Кључне речи: урбанистичко планирање, културна баштина, природни ресурси, Србија, интеграција заштите и развоја

 

ABSTRACT: Urban planning in the 21st century must overcome the traditional dichotomy between "development" and "protection" and establish integrated approaches that involve a holistic view of space. This paper analyzes the key challenges in the process of integrating the protection and development of cultural and natural resources in urban environments, with a special focus on the situation in Serbia. Through a review of international documents – such as the UNESCO Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL, 2011) and the European Landscape Convention (2000) – and an analysis of the domestic legislative and planning framework, the paper points to key shortcomings in the practice of spatial and urban planning. Particular attention is paid to processes that threaten integrated protection: uncontrolled construction, the absence of interdisciplinary methodologies, insufficient public participation and weak implementation of management plans for World Heritage sites. The paper proposes guidelines for improving the planning approach, including the application of the principles of ecological networks, green infrastructure, landscape characterization and heritage digitization. Serbia, a country with an exceptionally rich cultural and natural heritage, has the capacity to develop modern models of spatial management, with the necessary reforms of the institutional and legislative framework.

 

Keywords: urban planning, cultural heritage, natural resources, Serbia, integration of protection and development

 

 

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